Soo gaabintaASMwaxa uu culays weyn ku hayaa warshadaha elektiroonigga ah iyo kuwa wax soo saarka semiconductor-ka. Waxay tixraaci kartaa hay'ado kala duwan laakiin la xidhiidha, ugu caansanASM International(Netherland),ASMPT(Singapore), iyoNidaamyada Golaha ASM(Jarmalka). Mid kastaa wuxuu ku shaqeeyaa marxalad gaar ah oo ka mid ah silsiladda wax soo saarka - laga bilaabo soo-saarka wafer-dhamaadka hore ilaa fadhiga-dhamaadka iyo wax-soo-saarka tignoolajiyada-korka-sare (SMT).
Fahamka kala duwanaanshaha u dhexeeya hay'adahan ayaa lama huraan u ah xirfadlayaasha warshadaha, iibsada qalabka, iyo maareeyayaasha silsiladaha saadka. Maqaalkani waxa uu bixiyaa dulmar tafatiran, xirfadeed ASM kasta, xaaladdooda taariikheed, faylalka wax soo saarka, hal-abuurka tignoolajiyada, iyo meelaynta suuqa.
ASM International – Xarunta Dhexe ee Netherlands
1.1 Asalkii hore ee Shirkadda
Waxaa la aasaasay 1968 by Arthur del Prado.Hal qayb oo ka mid ah ASM International N.Vbilaabay sidii qaybiyaha qalabka isku xirka semiconductor ka hor inta aan loo gudbin soo saaraha hormuudka ah ee qalabka wax lagu farsameeyo wafer-ka. Shirkaddu waxay xarunteedu tahayAlmere, Netherlands, waxayna leedahay shabakad R&D iyo tas-hiilaad wax soo saar ah oo ku yaal Yurub, Mareykanka, Japan, Kuuriyada Koonfureed, iyo gobollada kale.
Tobannaankii sano ee la soo dhaafay, ASM International waxay isu dhigtay inay noqoto hormuudDhigista lakabka atomiga ah (ALD)teknoolajiyada, awood muhiim u ah qanjidhada semiconductor sare.
1.2 Aagagga Tignoolajiyada Muhiimka ah
ASM International waxay si gaar ah diiradda u saartaahore-dhamaadkawax soo saarka semiconductor, kaas oo ku lug leh hababka lagu sameeyo maraqa silikoon qaawan ka hor inta aan la gooyn jajabyo gaar ah.
Qaybaheeda ugu muhiimsan waxaa ka mid ah:
Nidaamyada Dhigista lakabka atomiga ah (ALD).- Waxaa loo isticmaalaa kobaca aflaanta aadka u khafiifka ah ee miisaanka atomigga, taas oo awood u siinaysa in si sax ah loo xakameeyo dhumucda lakabka iyo labbiska.
Qalabka Epitaxy- Si loo dhigo lakabyo crystalline ah oo u dhigma substrate-ka, muhiimka u ah aaladaha korantada, qaybaha RF, iyo chips-ka macquulka ah ee horumarsan.
Dhigista Uumiga Kiimikada Balaasma-Kormarsan (PECVD)- Loogu talagalay lakabyada dahaarka iyo filimada passivation.
Qalabka Habaynta kulaylka- Foornooyinka kulaylka sare leh ee nuugista iyo hababka isbeddelka alaabta.
1.3 Saamaynta Warshadaha
Tiknoolajiyada ASM ee ALD waxay noqotay lagama maarmaan xagga wax soo saarka 7nm, 5nm, iyo qanjidhada habraaca yar, gaar ahaan transistor-ka-k birta sare (HKMG), DRAM horumarsan, iyo 3D NAND aaladaha. Saldhigeeda macaamiisheeda waxaa ka mid ah aasaaska tier-1, soosaarayaasha macquulka iyo xusuusta, iyo soosaarayaasha qalabka isku dhafan (IDMs).
ASMPT - Xarunta Dhexe ee Singapore
2.1 Asalkii hore ee Shirkadda
Macluumaadka ku saabsan shirkadda ASM Pacific Technology Limited, beddelka saamiyada ASM Pacific Technology Limited (ASMPT), xarunteedu tahay Singapore kuna taxan suuqa saamiyada Hong Kong, waxay asal ahaan ka soo jeedaan ASM International's Asia. Markii dambe waxay noqotay qayb gaar ah oo diiradda la saaraygadaal-dhammaadqalabka semiconductor iyoxal shirka elektarooniga ah.
Maanta, ASMPT waa mid ka mid ah alaab-qeybiyeyaasha ugu weyn adduunka ee loo isticmaalo baakadaha, isku xirka, iyo soosaarka SMT.
2.2 Wax soo saarka
Hawlaha ASMPT waxay ka kooban yihiin laba qaybood oo aasaasi ah:
Qaybta Xalka Semiconductor (SSD)
Dhimashada hababka isku xidhka
Nidaamyada isku xirka fiilada
Qalabka baakadaha horumarsan (Fan-out, Baakadaha Heerka Wafer)
Qeybta Xalka ee Dusha Sare ee Teknolojiyadda (SMT).
Mashiinnada daabacaadda (DEK)
Nidaamyada meelaynta (SIPLACE)
Nidaamyada kormeerka khadka
2.3 Doorka Suuqa
ASMPT waxay door muhiim ah ka ciyaartaa marxaladaha dhexe ilaa dambe ee wax soo saarka elektaroonigga, taageeridda wax soo saarka ballaaran ee qaybaha sida elektiroonigga macaamiisha, elektiroonigga baabuurta, isgaarsiinta, iyo automation warshadaha. Qalabkeeda waxaa lagu qiimeeyaa wax-soo-saarka, saxnaanta meelaynta, iyo dabacsanaanta deegaannada wax-soo-saarka-sare leh.
Nidaamyada Golaha ASM - Xarunta Dhexe ee Jarmalka
3.1 Asalkii hore ee Shirkadda
Nidaamyada Golaha ASMwaa qaybta ganacsiga ee diirada saara SMT gudaha ASMPT, sida ugu fiican loogu yaqaanaySIPLACEiyoTOBANsumadaha. Iyada oo ay ku yaalliin R&D-keeda ugu weyn iyo xarumaha wax soo saarkaMunich, Germany, Nidaamyada Golaha ASM waxay xididdo qoto dheer ku leeyihiin nidaamka deegaanka wax soo saarka elegtarooniga ah ee Yurub.
3.2 SIPLACE Mashiinnada Qaadista iyo Goobta
Nidaamyada meelaynta SIPLACE waxay caan ku yihiin:
Xawaaraha meelaynta sare(waxaa lagu qiyaasaa qaybaha saacadii - CPH)
Nidaamyada aragga saresi toos ah qaybaha
Quudiyayaal dabacsanisbeddellada degdega ah ee wax soo saarka isku-dhafka sare leh
Kartida lagu maareeyo qaybaha yar yar (01005, micro-BGAs) iyo sidoo kale qaybo waaweyn oo qaabaysan
3.3 DEK Mashiinnada Daabacaadda
DEK waa summad muddo dheer ku dhisan daabacaadda koollada alxanka:
Daabacaadda stencil sax ahqaybaha fiicneed
Kormeerka dhejiska tooska ah
Xakamaynta habka isku dhafansi loo hubiyo joogtaynta guud ahaan socodka wax soo saarka
Si wada jir ah, SIPLACE iyo DEK waxay sameeyaan xal khadka SMT oo dhamaystiran oo loogu talagalay soosaarayaasha elektiroonigga ah.
Wadankee ASM ka tirsan yahay?
Jawaabtu waxay kuxirantahay cidda gaarka ah ee ASM:
ASM International → Nederlaan 🇳🇱
ASMPT (ASM Technology Pacific) → Singapore🇸🇬 (Hong Kong-ku qoran)
Nidaamyada Golaha ASM → Jarmalka 🇩🇪
Xidhiidhka Taariikhiga ah ee ka dhexeeya ASM International iyo ASMPT
Asal ahaan, ASM International waxay lahayd meheradaha qalabka-dhamaadka hore iyo kan dambe. Sannadkii 1989, ASMPT waxaa la aasaasay si ay diiradda u saarto qaybta dambe-dhamaadka. Muddo ka dib, ASM International waxay leexisay saamigeedii xakamaynta ee ASMPT, taasoo keentay laba shirkadood oo madaxbannaan:
ASM International- Qalabka hore ee kaliya
ASMPT--dhamaadka dambe iyo xalalka SMT
Kala soocidaani waxay u ogolaatay mid walba inuu ku takhasuso oo uu si xoog leh u maalgeliyo suuqyadeeda.
Doorka Hay'adaha ASM ee Silsiladda Wax-soo-saarka Elektrooniga ah
Marxaladda wax-soo-saarka | Qaybta ASM ayaa ku lug leh | Tusaalaha Qalabka |
---|---|---|
Farsamaynta Wafer-Dhammaadka Hore | ASM International | ALD, Epitaxy, PECVD |
Baakad-Dhammaadka | ASMPT | Boondhigayaasha, Wire bonders |
Golaha SMT | Nidaamyada Golaha ASM | SIPLACE, daabacayaasha DEK |
ASM - hadday tixraacayso ASM International, ASMPT, ama Nidaamyada Golaha ASM - waxay ka dhigan tahay qoys ka kooban shirkado horumarsan oo tignoolajiyadeed kuwaas oo mid kastaa noqday hoggaamiyeyaal meelo kala duwan. Laga soo bilaabo samaynta wafer-ka heerka atomiga ilaa isku xirka PCB-ga xawaaraha sare leh, magaca ASM wuxuu tilmaamayaa injineernimada saxda ah, hal-abuurka, iyo khibrada wax soo saarka caalamiga ah.