Imashini ya SMT ni iki?

Imashini ya SMT (Imashini ya tekinoroji ya Surface-Mount) ni ibikoresho byikora bikoreshwa mugushira ibikoresho bya elegitoronike ku mbaho ​​zacapwe (PCBs). Izi mashini zigize intandaro ya buri murongo wa SMT utanga umusaruro, harimo icapiro rya paste paste, imashini zitoragura-ahantu, amashyiga yerekana, hamwe na sisitemu yo kugenzura. Hamwe na hamwe, bashoboza kwihuta cyane, kwizerwa cyane, no guteranya ibyuma bya elegitoroniki byuzuye kubicuruzwa nka terefone zigendanwa, moderi zitwara ibinyabiziga, hamwe n’ibice bigenzura inganda.

SMT isobanura iki?

SMTiIkoranabuhanga rya Surface-Umusozi, uburyo bwo kubyaza umusaruro ibikoresho bya elegitoronike-bizwi nkaSMDs(Ibikoresho-Ubuso-Umusozi)—Byashyizwe hejuru yubuso bwa PCB aho kwinjizwa mu mwobo nkibigize gakondo binyuze mu mwobo.

Ubu buryo bukuraho gukenera gucukura, kugabanya ingano yuburemere nuburemere, kandi butuma ubwinshi bwumuzunguruko mwinshi kandi byihuta byikora.

Imashini ya SMT ni iki?

AnImashinibivuga igikoresho icyo aricyo cyose gikoreshwa mugikorwa cyo guterana hejuru. Mu murongo wuzuye wa SMT, ibi mubisanzwe birimo:

• Solder Paste Icapa- shyira kugurisha paste kuri PCB.

• Tora kandi ushireho imashini- shyira ibice bya SMD kuri PCB yanditswe.

• Ongera- gushonga kugurisha kugurisha kugirango uhuze burundu ibice.

• Sisitemu yo kugenzura AOI / SPI- genzura neza aho ushyira hamwe nubuziranenge bwabagurishijwe.

Kubwibyo, iyo abantu bavuga "imashini ya SMT," barashobora kuvugaigikoresho kimwe, cyangwaumurongo wose wa SMTukurikije imiterere.

Imashini ya SMT vs Gutoranya no Gushyira Imashini

Aya magambo yombi akoreshwa kenshi, ariko ntabwo arimwe.

Muri make:
👉 Buri mashini yo gutoranya no gushyira ahantu ni igice cya anUmurongo wa SMT, ariko ntabwo buri mashini ya SMT ari imashini itoranya kandi igashyira.

Ubwoko bwimashini za SMT

Mu murongo wo guteranya SMT, imashini zitandukanye za SMT zikora inshingano zihariye bitewe nicyiciro cyibikorwa nubwoko bwibicuruzwa:

• Solder Paste Icapa:Koresha kugurisha paste neza neza kuri PCB.

• Tora kandi ushireho imashini:Imyanya ibice bya SMD ukoresheje amaboko yihuta ya robo.

• Kugarura itanura:Shyushya paste yo kugurisha kugirango uhuze amashanyarazi ahoraho.

• Imashini zigenzura AOI / SPI:Reba guhuza, ibice byabuze, hamwe nubwiza bwabagurisha.

• Abashikiriza imizigo:Kohereza PCBs neza hagati yicyiciro.

• Ibikoresho bitemewe:Harimo sisitemu yo gukora isuku, imashini zitwikiriye, hamwe na sisitemu yo gushiraho laser.

Buri bwoko bwimashini ya SMT igira uruhare runini muguhuza ubuziranenge, ukuri, no gukora neza.

Uburyo Imashini ya SMT ikora

Inzira isanzwe ya SMT ikurikira izi ntambwe zingenzi:

1. Icapiro rya Solder- Icapa rya stencil ribitsa kugurisha paste kuri PCB.

2. Gushiraho Ibigize- Gutoranya no gushyira imashini neza neza ibice.

3. Kugaragaza Kugurisha- Inteko yashyutswe mu ziko ryerekana kugirango ishonge kandi ikomere ingingo zigurisha.

4. Kugenzura no Kwipimisha – AOI(Automatic Optical Inspection) yemeza ko ibice byose byashizweho neza.

Buri cyiciro gishingiye kumashini isobanutse no guhuza ibikorwa. Ibicuruzwa byose bidahuye cyangwa ibicuruzwa bitagabanijwe neza bishobora kuganisha kumuzunguruko, sisitemu yose rero ya SMT igomba guhinduka neza kandi ikabungabungwa.

Ibyingenzi byingenzi byimashini zigezweho za SMT

Imashini zigezweho za SMT zihuza sisitemu yimikorere igezweho, guhuza icyerekezo, hamwe na software ikoreshwa na data kugirango ikore neza. Ibintu bisanzwe birimo:

• Imitwe yihuta yo gushyira imitweirashobora gukora ibihumbi mirongo yibice kumasaha.

• Sisitemu yo kurebakugenzura ibice byerekanwe hamwe nibisobanuro byukuri.

• Ibiryo byubwengeibyo bigabanya igihe gito mugihe cyo guhindura reel.

• Uburyo bworoshye bwo gukoragushyigikira byombi binini cyane kandi bivanze cyane.

• Sisitemu yo gukurikiranaibyo bikoresho bigize logi yo kugenzura ubuziranenge.

SMT Imashini Igiciro Nibiciro

Igiciro cyimashini ya SMT kiratandukanye cyane bitewe n'umuvuduko, neza, n'iboneza:

• Imashini yinjira-urwego rwa SMT:$ 30,000– $ 80.000 (nibyiza kuri prototypes cyangwa kwiruka-mato mato).

• Imashini yo hagati ya SMT:$ 100,000– $ 250,000 (bikwiranye n’umusaruro woroshye).

• Imashini zohejuru zo mu bwoko bwa SMT:$ 300,000– $ 800,000 + (akoreshwa mu musaruro rusange wa 24/7).

Amafaranga yinyongera arashobora kubamoibiryo, nozzles, impushya za software, no kubungabunga. Iyo uteganya umurongo wuzuye wa SMT, igishoro cyose gishobora kuva kumadorari 200.000 kugeza hejuru ya miliyoni 2 bitewe nurwego rwinjira kandi rwikora.

Guhitamo Imashini ibereye ya SMT

Guhitamo iburyoImashinintabwo ari ukugura gusa moderi yihuta cyangwa ihenze cyane. Guhitamo kwiza biterwa nintego zawe zumusaruro, kuvanga ibicuruzwa, no gutegura igihe kirekire.
Dore uko inararibonye ya SMT inararibonye yasuzuma amahitamo intambwe ku yindi:

1. Ingano yumusaruro nibisabwa byihuta

Tangira usuzuma ibyaweburi munsi cyangwa ukwezi gusohora intego.

• Niba uri kwirukaumusaruro mwinshikubicuruzwa bimwe cyangwa bike bihamye, aimashini yihuta ya mashinini ngombwa. Izi moderi zirashobora gushyira ibihumbi mirongo yibice kumasaha kandi bigashyirwa mubikorwa kugirango bikomeze hamwe nigihe gito.

• Niba umusaruro wawe urimoubwoko bwinshi bwa PCB mubice bito, urashobora guhitamo aimashini yihuta cyangwa imashini. Ibi bitanga byihuse gushiraho, kugaburira ibiryo byoroshye, hamwe nigihe gito cyo gukora mugihe uhindura akazi.

• Kubatangiye cyangwa ababikora hamweingengo yimari ntarengwa, aicyitegererezo cyiza-Umuntu uringaniza umuvuduko uringaniye hamwe nukuri-akenshi atanga inyungu nziza kubushoramari.

Muri make: huza umuvuduko wawe wo gushyira mubikorwa byawe bikenewe aho guhiga imibare yerekana imibare.

2. Urutonde rwibigize no guhuza

Reba neza ubwoko bwibigize ibicuruzwa ukoresha.
Imashini zigezweho za SMT zigomba gukora ultra-nto nini nka0201na01005chip, kimwe nububiko bunini nkaBGA, QFN, cyangwaabahuza.
Niba utegereje ibishushanyo bizaza birimo byinshi byiza-IC cyangwa micro-BGAs, hitamo imashini hamwesisitemu yo hejuru-iyerekwa sisitemunaimitwe myinshi-nozzle imitwekwemeza igihe kirekire.

3. Ubushobozi bwabatanga nubushobozi bwo guhindura ibintu

Imashinisisitemu yo kugaburiraigena uburyo bworoshye no gutanga umusaruro.

• Imirongo myinshi cyane irasabaubushobozi bunini bwo kugaburiranaimirongo myinshiKugabanya guhagarara.

• Niba uhinduranya kenshi ibicuruzwa,byihuta-bihindura amakaritonakumenyekanisha ibiryo byubwengeirashobora kugabanya cyane igihe cyo gushiraho.
  Sisitemu zimwe zateye imbere ndetse zibuka imiterere yabagaburira mbere, ifasha abashoramari kongera umusaruro muminota.

4. Gushyira ahabona neza kandi bihamye

Icyitonderwa nikintu cyose muri SMT.
Kubibaho byinshi cyane cyangwa ibice byiza, ndetse a± 0,03 mmikosa ryo gushira rishobora kuganisha kubagurisha ikiraro cyangwa imva.
Reba iubukanishi, icyerekezo cyo guhuza neza, nakugenzura ubuziranenge bwa servoya mashini.
Igikorwa gihamye mumasaha maremare gifite agaciro kuruta impinga yibyukuri bigenda byiyongera mugihe.

5. Sisitemu yo kugenzura no kugenzura

Imashini zigezweho za SMT ziza hamwe na software ifite ubwenge ikora:

• Gutegura akazi no gukora neza

• Kumenyekanisha ibice byikora

• Gukurikirana igihe nyacyo

• Kumenyesha amakosa no gukurikirana kubungabunga

Niba uruganda rwawe rukoresha sisitemu ya MES cyangwa ERP, menya neza ko imashini ya SMT ishoboraguhuza amakuru mu buryo butaziguyekubireba neza no kugenzura inzira.
Kubyinshi bivangavanze, abakoresha-interineti hamwe nubuyobozi bwokugaburira byikora bizagabanya cyane ikosa ryabantu nigihe cyo gutaha.

6. Kubungabunga, Serivisi, hamwe nibice

Ndetse imashini nziza ya SMT izakenera kubungabungwa buri gihe.
Mbere yo kugura, genzura ko uwaguhaye isoko atanga:

• Inkunga ya tekiniki yahohamwe nibisubizo byihuse

• Amahugurwa kubakoresha n'abakozi bo kubungabunga

• Kuboneka ibice byingenzi byingenzinka nozzles, umukandara, hamwe na sensor

Imashini yoroshye kubungabunga no gushyigikirwa na serivisi yizewe irashobora kuzigama cyane mugihe cyumusaruro wabuze kuruta itandukaniro rito ryibiciro hagati yicyitegererezo.

Imashini ya SMT Kubungabunga no Guhindura

Kubungabunga buri gihe byemeza ko igihe kirekire gihamye kandi kigashyirwa mubikorwa. Imashini ya SMT ibungabunzwe neza igabanya igihe kandi ikongera umusaruro.

Ibikorwa by'ingenzi byo kubungabunga birimo:

• Gusukura nozzles zashyizwe hamwe ninzira yo kureba

• Kugenzura guhuza convoyeur no kugaburira ibiryo

• Kuvugurura porogaramu yububiko hamwe nububiko bwa software

• Gusimbuza imikandara yambarwa, sensor, hamwe no kuyungurura

Calibration igomba gukorwa nyuma yingenzi yo gusimbuza igice cyangwa kuvugurura software kugirango igumane ± 0.03 mm neza neza.

7. Tekereza igihe kirekire

Hanyuma, ntugure gusa uyumunsi - teganya imyaka itatu cyangwa itanu iri imbere.

Niba isosiyete yawe itegereje ibicuruzwa bitandukanye cyangwa ibicuruzwa byinshi, tekereza imashini ishyigikirakwaguka kazozanka modular yo kuzamura umutwe, ibiryo byongeweho, cyangwa kwinjiza mumurongo wubwenge.

Ejo hazaza h'imashini za SMT

Igisekuru kizaza cyibikoresho bya SMT kiragenda kigira ubwenge kandi gihujwe. Inzira nyamukuru zirimo:

• AI ifashwa no gushyira mubikorwa nezakugirango arusheho kunonosorwa.

• Ibiryo byubwengeihita imenya ibice.

• Guhuza amakuru-nyayohamwe na sisitemu ya MES kugirango ikurikiranwe byuzuye.

• Amashyiga akoresha ingufubigabanya gukoresha ingufu.

• Inkunga ya Miniaturisation, Gukoresha ultra-ntoya ya chip na paki nziza.

Mugihe ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki bikomeje kugenda bihinduka bigana kumikorere yo hejuru hamwe nibintu bito bito, imashini za SMT zizaguma kumutima wo guhanga udushya no gukora neza.

Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa kubyerekeye imashini ya SMT

1. Imashini ya SMT ikora iki?

Imashini ya SMT ihita ishyira hamwe nabagurisha ibice-byimbere kuri PCBs mubikorwa bya elegitoroniki.

2. Imashini ya SMT irasa na mashini yo gutoranya no gushyira?

Oya. Gutoranya no gushyira imashini ni igice kimwe cyibikorwa bya SMT. Ijambo imashini ya SMT irashobora kwerekeza kubikoresho byose mumurongo wa SMT.

3. Imashini ya SMT igura angahe?

Ukurikije umuvuduko nukuri, ibiciro biri hagati y $ 30.000 kubintu byinjira-byinjira kugeza hejuru ya $ 800,000 kuri sisitemu yo gukora byihuse.

4. Ni ibihe bicuruzwa bikora imashini za SMT?

Inganda zizwi cyane zirimo Fuji, Panasonic, Yamaha, JUKI, ASM, na Hanwha, buri imwe itanga imashini zagenewe ibicuruzwa bitandukanye.

5. Imashini imwe ya SMT irashobora gukora ubwoko bwibicuruzwa byinshi?

Yego. Imashini nyinshi zigezweho za SMT zishyigikira kuvanga cyane, umusaruro muke hamwe noguhindura ibiryo byihuse hamwe no gukoresha software neza.

AnImashiniYerekana ibirenze igikoresho kimwe-ni ishingiro ryiteraniro rya elegitoroniki igezweho.
Mugihehitamo imashiniikora intambwe igaragara kandi yuzuye, sisitemu yuzuye ya SMT - kuva icapiro ryabacuruzi kugeza kugenzura - yemeza ko buri gikoresho cya elegitoroniki cyujuje ubuziranenge bwo muri iki gihe cyihuta, ubwiza, no kwizerwa.